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Cut-to-length logging (CTL) is a mechanized harvesting system in which trees are delimbed and ''cut to length'' directly at the stump. CTL is typically a two-man, two-machine operation with a harvester felling, delimbing, and bucking trees and a forwarder transporting the logs from the felling to a landing area close to a road accessible by trucks. The capital costs for a typical CTL operation, with one harvester and one forwarder, are quite high. The price of the machines alone are approx. US$1,000,000. CTL is the primary logging method in European countries, while full-tree logging and the even older technique of tree-length logging are more popular in North America and less developed countries, where tree sizes can exceed the capacity of the harvester's felling head, i.e., tree stems with a butt diameter of over 70 centimeters. CTL lends itself to timber harvesting in plantation forestry where stems are often harvested before they reach large dimensions. ==Advantages compared to full-tree logging== *Cleaner wood since the logs are not skidded on the ground to the landing.(in tree length more than full tree) *More fresh wood.(in tree length more than full tree) *Less damage to retained trees in thinning operations *Typically requires fewer types of machines in an operation *No need to clear large landings close to the road *Greater personnel safety due to enclosed/protected machine cabs *More environmentally friendly due to: * *less soil disturbance than in skidding operations (if improper skidding practices take place) * *no slash dumped at the landing * *higher retention of foliar nutrients within the harvested area 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cut-to-length logging」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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